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Neurulation

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...

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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Simulator Training for Endovascular Neurosurgery

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Editorial: Rising stars in neurosurgery 2025

Kevin K Kumar¹, Redi Rahmani², Ignatius Esene³

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.

Frontiers in Surgery

|July 24, 2025

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

Keywords:

brain innovation mentorship neurosurgery spine training

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