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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Self-Assessment Protocol for Predicting Psoriatic Arthritis in Psoriasis Patients
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Update on Erythrodermic Psoriasis: Proposal of a Management Algorithm by an Innovative Severity Evaluation Approach.

Jia-Ming Xu1, Chao Wu1, Hao Feng1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) management is guided by a new severity assessment. Mild EP may be treated with monotherapy, while moderate-to-severe cases benefit from systemic drugs, biologics, or combination therapies.

Keywords:
biologicsconventional systemic drugserythrodermic psoriasissmall molecule drugstreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a severe psoriasis subtype characterized by a Th1/Th17/TNF inflammatory profile.
  • Systemic symptoms are common in EP, necessitating systemic treatments like conventional drugs, biologics, and small molecules.
  • Effective management requires accurate severity evaluation to guide treatment selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current therapeutic options for Erythrodermic psoriasis.
  • To introduce a novel severity evaluation approach for EP.
  • To present a practical management algorithm for EP based on disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of therapeutic options for EP.
  • Inclusion of new evidence on acitretin, biologics, and JAK inhibitors.
  • Development of a severity-based management algorithm.

Main Results:

  • A new EP severity classification identifies mild and moderate-to-severe disease based on clinical features (fever, exudation, lymphadenopathy).
  • Treatment recommendations vary by severity: mild EP may be managed with monotherapy (acitretin, methotrexate, IL-17/IL-12/23 inhibitors), while moderate-to-severe EP suggests cyclosporine A or biologics (IL-17/IL-12/23 inhibitors).
  • Combination therapies and supportive care are crucial for refractory cases and symptom management, with tailored approaches for comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed severity evaluation provides a practical framework for guiding EP treatment.
  • Personalized treatment strategies, considering disease severity and comorbidities, are essential for optimal EP management.
  • The review summarizes efficacy, adverse events, and novel therapeutic agents for EP, aiding clinical decision-making.