Coarctation of the Aorta Presenting as Haemorrhagic Stroke in a 3-Year-Old Boy- A Case Report

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

10.7K

Efe Abolodje1, Francis Chukwuebuka Campbell2, Stellamaris Nwanneka Etumudor1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria.

Nigerian Medical Journal : Journal of the Nigeria Medical Association
|July 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Coarctation of the aorta, a congenital heart defect, can cause upper limb hypertension and stroke in children. Early diagnosis through routine blood pressure checks is crucial to prevent severe complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Defects
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect causing upper limb hypertension.
  • Delayed diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta can lead to severe complications like left ventricular dysfunction and cerebral vasculopathy.
  • Subtle presentations often lead to missed diagnoses in children.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 3-year-old boy presented with coma after a minor fall.
  • The child exhibited upper limb hypertension and diminished lower limb pulses.
  • Brain CT revealed non-traumatic hemorrhagic stroke; echocardiography showed severe coarctation of the aorta and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Findings:

  • Coarctation of the aorta can present as chronic upper limb hypertension in children.
  • This condition can complicate with non-traumatic hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Severe coarctation of the aorta and left ventricular hypertrophy were confirmed via echocardiography.

Implications:

  • Routine blood pressure measurement in children can aid in the early detection of coarctation of the aorta.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent severe neurological and cardiac complications.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering coarctation of the aorta in pediatric stroke evaluations.

More Related Videos

Complete and Partial Aortic Occlusion for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock in Swine09:37

Complete and Partial Aortic Occlusion for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock in Swine

Published on: August 24, 2018

10.6K
Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection06:26

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

485

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
1.7K
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
660
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
479
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
75
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
41
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
57