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Florigen and Florigen-Like Genes Regulate Temperature-Responsive Flowering in Tomato
Jia Song1,2, Shiqi Zhao1, Siyu Fang1
1State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
High temperatures activate FTL2 protein in tomato shoot apices, repressing flowering. This FTL2 protein interacts with SFT, delaying floral transition and enabling seasonal flowering adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Genetics
- Environmental Sensing
Background:
- Seasonal temperature changes influence plant flowering time.
- Mechanisms of thermoresponsive flowering in tomato are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To uncover the temperature-sensing mechanism regulating tomato flowering.
- To elucidate the roles of FTL2 and SFT proteins in this process.
Main Methods:
- Investigated gene expression in tomato shoot apical meristems.
- Analyzed protein interactions between FTL2 and SFT.
- Studied the effect of temperature on flowering time.
Main Results:
- High temperatures upregulate FTL2 expression in the shoot apex under short days.
- FTL2 acts as a flowering repressor by suppressing SFT activity.
- An FTL2-SFT regulatory circuit integrates photoperiodic and thermal signals.
Conclusions:
- Discovered a novel temperature-sensing mechanism in tomato flowering.
- FTL2-SFT interaction provides a molecular basis for seasonal flowering adaptation.
- Findings offer insights into florigen-based networks for adaptive flowering.
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