Keel Bone Damage in Commercial Laying Hen Hybrids

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Veterinary Medicine
• Poultry Husbandry

Background:

• Keel bone damages (KBDs) are a prevalent pathological condition in laying hens.
• KBDs have significant negative implications for animal welfare and economic production losses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the influence of production systems, hen strain, and age on keel bone damages.
• To analyze the subsequent welfare implications and production losses associated with KBDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing existing research on keel bone damages in laying hens.
• Analysis of factors including housing systems (cage-free vs. cages, aviaries), hen strain, and age.

Main Results:

• Cage-free systems, especially multi-tier aviaries, are associated with higher KBD prevalence compared to cages.
• Factors like perching, flight collisions, hen age (older hens more susceptible), and strain contribute to KBD risk.
• KBDs impair mobility, reduce feed intake, egg production, and eggshell quality, and increase floor eggs.

Conclusions:

• Production system complexity is a major driver of keel bone damage in laying hens.
• Keel bone damage significantly compromises laying hen welfare, leading to pain, discomfort, and secondary health issues.
• Addressing housing design and management practices is crucial to mitigate KBDs and improve hen well-being.