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Building a Future without Blindness due to Retinopathy of Prematurity in India: Progress, Challenges, and the Way

Jogender Kumar1, Praveen Kumar2, Ashok Kumar Deorari3

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|July 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in India faces challenges despite guidelines. Enhancing screening coverage and neonatal care is crucial to prevent childhood blindness.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of preventable childhood blindness in India.
  • Existing national guidelines and initiatives have not achieved uniform ROP screening coverage across regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the progress, current status, and challenges of ROP care in India.
  • To identify successful strategies and recommend policy actions for improving ROP screening and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of progress, current status, and challenges in ROP care in India.
  • Analysis of existing national guidelines and initiatives.
  • Identification of successful strategies and policy recommendations.

Main Results:

  • ROP screening coverage in India is highly variable.
  • Key challenges include insufficient screening facilities, lack of trained personnel, low awareness, and delayed referrals.
  • Successful strategies involve capacity building, quality improvement, and telescreening.

Conclusions:

  • Mandatory ROP screening, increased community awareness, and integrated health system monitoring are recommended.
  • Leveraging digital technology and improving neonatal care quality are vital for primary prevention.
  • India can develop a model for neonatal eye care for LMICs to prevent ROP-related visual impairment.

Keywords:
Indirect ophthalmoscopyPremature birthVisual impairmentWide-field digital retinal imaging

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