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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
Published on: December 6, 2024
Role of large language models in the multidisciplinary decision-making process for patients with renal cell
Riccardo Bertolo1, Lorenzo De Bon2, Filippo Caudana2
1Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. riccardogiuseppe.bertolo@univr.it.
Abstract:
We evaluated an AI chatbot's ability to suggest diagnostic and therapeutic pathways for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT). A retrospective analysis of 103 cases (2023-2024) found 62.1% agreement with MDT decisions (κ = 0.44, p< 0.001). Concordance was highest in when follow-up imaging was suggested (p = 0.001), with disease status influencing agreement (p = 0.004). These results suggest AI could assist in RCC case assessments, warranting further research.
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