Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 14, 2025
Author Spotlight: Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Gastric Content Assessment and Risk Stratification in Perioperative Care
Published on: September 22, 2023
Exploring Anxiety Triggers in Non-sedated Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective Analysis
Görkem Yarbaş1, Hulusi Can Karpuzcu2, Ramis Çatalbaş2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. gorkem.yarbas@saglik.gov.tr.
Introduction:
This study aims to identify the demographic, medical, and psychological factors associated with anxiety in patients undergoing non-sedated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD). By determining high-risk groups and key anxiety triggers, the research seeks to provide insights for improving pre-procedural communication and patient preparation.
Methods:
A total of 1242 patients aged between 18 and 90 years were included in the study. In this cross-sectional and observational study, the anxiety levels of the patients were measured using data collected through face-to-face interviews and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Participants' demographic information, medical history and previous endoscopy experiences were recorded.
Results:
Among the participants, 52.7% (n = 654) reported anxiety related to the procedure. Women (n = 645) exhibited higher anxiety levels than men (STAI-I score: 43.28 ± 13.06 vs. 41.52 ± 12.93, p = 0.017). Chronic conditions, such as COPD (mean STAI-I score: 52.53 ± 9.39, p < 0.001), cardiac disorders (49.68 ± 11.58, p = 0.014), and chronic kidney disease (55.50 ± 10.42, p = 0.004), were associated with significantly elevated anxiety levels. Additionally, patients with depression (50.86 ± 9.19, p < 0.001) and panic disorder (51.12 ± 5.99, p < 0.001) exhibited higher anxiety. Prior experience with endoscopy did not significantly reduce anxiety, with 40% (n = 497) having undergone the procedure before. Notably, 46.7% (n = 580) of participants reported prior knowledge of the procedure, but this did not correspond with significantly lower anxiety levels.
Conclusion:
Anxiety before endoscopic procedures was observed to be common among patients and may directly affect the quality of the procedure. High rates of anxiety in women and individuals with chronic diseases are consistent with the literature. Accurate and comprehensive information of patients prior to the procedure appears to be critical in reducing anxiety levels.
More Related Videos
14:52Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
Published on: January 13, 2018
07:54Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Related Concept Videos
01:29Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
01:26Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP
Patient...
01:24Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow
Purpose and Procedure
Patients undergoing this procedure ingest a liquid containing barium sulfate with a chalky...
01:26Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
01:28Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
01:17Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems...