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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
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Microbial Keratitis in Ocular Surface Disease.

Meena Lakshmipathy1, Anitha Venugopal2, Sushmita G Shah3

  • 1Cornea Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.

Seminars in Ophthalmology
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial keratitis is a serious complication of chronic ocular surface disease. Early recognition and management of risk factors like dry eyes and topical corticosteroid use are crucial for preventing vision loss.

Keywords:
Complications of ocular surface diseaseinfections in ocular surface diseasemicrobial keratitis in LSCDmicrobial keratitis in SJSmicrobial keratitis in dry eyes

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Microbial keratitis is a known complication in eyes with chronic ocular surface disease.
  • Literature on this subject is scarce, necessitating a comprehensive review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe microbial keratitis in ocular surface disease.
  • To understand risk factors, causative organisms, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microbial keratitis in various ocular surface pathologies.
  • Included conditions: limbal stem cell deficiency, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mucous membrane pemphigoid, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, meibomian gland dysfunction, post-chemical injury.

Main Results:

  • Common risk factors: dry eyes, topical corticosteroids, soft contact lens wear, eyelash abnormalities (trichiasis, distichiasis).
  • Most common causative agents: Gram-positive bacteria, with high Vancomycin sensitivity.
  • Frequent complications: non-healing or persistent epithelial defects, managed with amniotic membrane grafting.

Conclusions:

  • Regular patient monitoring is essential.
  • Avoid indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics and corticosteroids.
  • Patient education for early recognition of warning signs and prompt medical attention is vital.