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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

33
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
33
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.8K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.8K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

55
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
55
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

140
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
140
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

28
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
28
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

44
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
44

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
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Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

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Multidimensional Determinants of Functional Status in Patients with Heart Failure.

Jia-Rong Wu1, Abigail Latimer2, Ashmita Thapa1

  • 1College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.

Heart International
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Functional status in heart failure (HF) patients is impacted by multiple factors. Symptom burden is a key mediator, suggesting interventions targeting symptoms can improve functional status.

Keywords:
Anxietydepressiondeterminantsfunctional statusheart failuremodelself-caresymptom burden

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Health Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Functional status is a critical predictor of rehospitalization and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF).
  • Understanding the determinants of functional status is essential for developing effective interventions.
  • The Multidimensional Model of Functional Status (MMFS) proposes various factors influencing functional status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the variables within the Multidimensional Model of Functional Status (MMFS) as determinants of functional status in patients with heart failure.
  • To identify the key mediators influencing the relationship between MMFS variables and functional status.

Main Methods:

  • Structural equation modeling was used to analyze data from 520 heart failure patients.
  • Functional status was measured using the Duke Activity Status Index.
  • Demographic, clinical, psychosocial, behavioral, and symptom burden variables were collected via questionnaires and interviews.

Main Results:

  • Older age, lower education, greater comorbidity, and higher symptom burden were associated with worse functional status.
  • Depression, anxiety, and social support indirectly influenced functional status through symptom burden.
  • Marital status indirectly impacted functional status via social support, depression, and symptom burden.

Conclusions:

  • Multidimensional variables in the MMFS are directly and indirectly associated with functional status in heart failure patients.
  • Symptom burden emerged as the most significant mediator, highlighting its importance.
  • Targeting symptom burden and other MMFS variables may improve functional status in this population.