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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

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Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for CuIn,GaSe2 Solar Cells
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The Sunspot Solar Observatory Data Archive: Continuing Operations at the Dunn Solar Telescope.

Sean G Sellers1, Juie Shetye1, Damian J Christian2

  • 1Department of Astronomy, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM USA.

Solar Physics
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The Sunspot Solar Observatory Data Archive (SSODA) provides extensive solar data from the Richard B. Dunn Solar Telescope (DST). This archive is a valuable resource for studying solar phenomena and space weather events during Solar Cycle 25.

Keywords:
Instrumentation and data managementIntegrated Sun observations

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Area of Science:

  • Solar Physics
  • Astronomy
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • The Richard B. Dunn Solar Telescope (DST) instruments provide high-cadence solar imaging, spectroscopy, and polarimetry.
  • Data spans wavelengths from 3500 Å to 11,000 Å, covering the solar photosphere and chromosphere.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the Sunspot Solar Observatory Data Archive (SSODA) and its contents.
  • To highlight SSODA as a resource for solar atmosphere research and space weather studies.

Main Methods:

  • The SSODA archives raw and calibrated data from the DST.
  • Includes results from spectropolarimetric inversions using Hazel-2.0 code for magnetic field, temperature, and velocity mapping.

Main Results:

  • The archive contains approximately 374 TiB of data from over 520 observing days since February 1, 2018.
  • The DST is operational, continuously adding new data to the archive.

Conclusions:

  • SSODA is a unique and growing resource for investigating solar plasma processes.
  • Facilitates research into the origins of space weather and active region properties during Solar Cycle 25.