Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.

Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Timing of Postoperative Radiotherapy and Outcomes in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Head & neck·2026

Same author

Development of the TORS severe outcome score: a preoperative risk stratification tool for postoperative morbidity in oropharyngeal cancer.

Oral oncology·2026

Same author

GFP-on mouse model for interrogation of in vivo gene editing.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Building A Culturally Concordant Mentorship Program for Immigrant Premedical Students.

Journal of surgical education·2025

Same author

Voting Trends Among Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Trainees.

Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology·2025

Same author

Oropharyngeal Cancer and the HPV Vaccine: Analysis of Social Media Content.

The Laryngoscope·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

The Oral Health Disparity Among Refugee Children: A Systematic Review.

Nazineen Kandahari¹, Fareha Moulana Zada², Zainab Farzal³

¹Department of Otolaryngology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology

|July 25, 2025

Summary

Refugee children resettled in developed nations face significant oral health issues, with up to 78% experiencing dental caries. Targeted interventions and community partnerships are crucial for improving their oral health outcomes.

Keywords:

access to care health disparities health equity immigrant health oral health pediatric refugees

More Related Videos

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

Area of Science:

Public Health
Pediatric Dentistry
Sociomedical Sciences

Background:

Refugee children resettled in developed nations experience unique oral health challenges.
Disparities in oral health exist between refugee children and their native-born counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate oral health problems in resettled refugee children.
To identify best practices for addressing these oral health issues.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of studies published from 1980 to 2024 was conducted.
Searches included PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases using keywords related to children, refugees, and oral health/dental caries.
Included studies were interventional, qualitative, and epidemiological, with critical appraisal using the CASP tool.

Main Results:

30 studies were analyzed; 25 focused directly on refugee children's oral health.
Up to 78% of refugee children had dental caries, and refugee status was linked to significantly worse oral health.
Parental education showed limited impact, while screenings at refugee health clinics improved treatment access.

Conclusions:

Refugee children represent a vulnerable population with a higher risk of oral disease.
Developed nations must implement community and healthcare partnerships to address this disparity.
Further prospective and interventional research is needed, with otolaryngologists playing a role in preventive efforts.