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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping

Published on: June 13, 2025

A SMARTTR workflow for multi-ensemble atlas mapping and brain-wide network analysis.

Michelle Jin^1,2, Simon O Ogundare^1,3, Marcos Lanio^1,4

¹Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), New York, United States.

|July 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new workflow and R package (SMARTTR) for brain-wide mapping of multiple gene activity patterns. This tool reveals how inescapable shock alters brain networks in learned helplessness, impacting spatial and affective processing.

Keywords:

activity mapping computational biology engram immediate early gene learned helplessness mouse network neuroscience systems biology

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Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Biology
Systems Neuroscience

Background:

Activity-dependent strategies have advanced understanding of memory.
Limited tools exist for brain-wide mapping of multiple neural ensembles and their overlaps.
Downstream network analysis capabilities are lacking in current methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a scalable workflow for analyzing multi-ensemble datasets from activity-dependent tagging systems.
To present SMARTTR, an R package for atlas registration, statistical analysis, and network visualization.
To demonstrate the workflow's utility in mapping neural ensembles related to learned helplessness.

Main Methods:

Developed a scalable workflow for analyzing coronally sectioned datasets.
Created the SMARTTR R package integrating mapping, statistical analysis, and network visualization.
Applied the workflow to map neural ensembles in a learned helplessness mouse model.

Main Results:

Inescapable shock (IS) decreased centrality of spatial/contextual regions and increased somatosensory/affective regions.
The substantia nigra became influential during learned helplessness expression, potentially regulating motor activity.
IS suppressed ensemble reactivation in cortical, hippocampal, and amygdalar regions, suggesting a neurobiological signature of learned helplessness.

Conclusions:

The SMARTTR workflow enables novel insights into multi-ensemble brain activity.
Network analysis reveals significant alterations in brain regions associated with learned helplessness.
Suppressed ensemble reactivation may be a key neurobiological feature of learned helplessness.