Human factors integration in complex systems: Awareness, challenges and strategies

Area of Science:

• Systems Engineering
• Human-Computer Interaction
• Cognitive Systems Engineering

Background:

• Human Factors Integration (HFI) is essential for developing effective and safe complex systems.
• Understanding HFI awareness and implementation is critical in high-stakes industries like defense.
• Previous research underscores the importance of user-centered design in system development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate Human Factors Integration (HFI) awareness and implementation in a missile and guided weapons development company.
• To identify challenges and areas for improvement in applying HFI principles within this organization.
• To provide recommendations for enhancing HFI practices in complex system development.

Main Methods:

• A case study approach was employed within a defense company.
• Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve participants from diverse roles.
• Thematic analysis was utilized to interpret qualitative interview data.

Main Results:

• Significant gaps were identified in formal HFI training and project specification integration.
• Inconsistent end-user involvement and organizational/cultural resistance due to cost and timeline constraints were noted.
• Limited awareness and practical application of HFI principles were prevalent.

Conclusions:

• Early integration of HFI into the Systems Engineering process is recommended.
• Enhanced training programs and a cultural shift prioritizing Human Factors (HF) are crucial.
• Addressing organizational dynamics and practical challenges is key to successful HFI implementation.