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The Association of VDR, CYP2R1, and GC Gene Polymorphisms, Dietary Intake, and BMI in Regulating Vitamin D Status
Carmina Mariana Stroia1, Annamaria Pallag1,2, Maria Vrânceanu3
1Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Abstract:
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health and immune function, with serum 25(OH)D levels influenced by genetic, dietary, and metabolic factors.
Background/Objectives:
This study investigated the impact of VDR rs731236, CYP2R1 rs10741657, and GC rs2282679 polymorphisms, body mass index (BMI), and dietary vitamin D intake on vitamin D status.
Methods:
A total of 230 adults were classified into four BMI categories: normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), obesity class I (OB), and obesity class II/III (OP). Participants completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and a 7-day Food Frequency Diary (FFD). Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays, and serum 25(OH)D was quantified via spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses included ANOVA and multiple linear regression.
Results:
The VDR rs731236 CC genotype, CYP2R1 rs10741657 AG/GG, and GC rs2282679 AC/CC were associated with lower serum vitamin D levels. A higher BMI was significantly correlated with reduced serum 25(OH)D (p < 0.001), with BMI emerging as the strongest predictor of vitamin D status. FFQ-based dietary intake showed a modest positive correlation with 25(OH)D (r = 0.47, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
BMI and genetic variants in VDR, CYP2R1, and GC significantly influence vitamin D metabolism. Personalized interventions addressing genetic predispositions and weight management may improve vitamin D status.
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