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ENaC Biomarker Detection in Platelets Using a Lateral Flow Immunoassay: A Clinical Validation Study
Giosvany Martínez-Boloña1, Ivette Martínez-Vieyra1, M B de la Mora2
1Laboratorio de Hematobiología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07700, Mexico.
Biosensors
|July 25, 2025
Summary
A new lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) effectively screens for epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) levels, aiding in early hypertension detection. This rapid test shows promise for identifying individuals at risk of high blood pressure.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Arterial hypertension (HTN) poses a significant global health challenge with limited early detection methods.
- Overexpression of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) has been implicated as a potential biomarker for HTN.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize and clinically validate a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for detecting ENaC levels.
- To assess the utility of LFIA as a screening tool for hypertension risk.
Main Methods:
- Functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with anti-ENaC antibodies for LFIA strip development.
- A double-blind study involving 200 individuals, comparing LFIA results with Western blotting (reference method) using platelet lysates.
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.
Main Results:
- LFIA demonstrated a higher Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.7314 compared to Western blotting (0.6491).
- LFIA exhibited superior sensitivity (76.24%) and comparable specificity (61.54%) versus Western blotting (68.31% and 60.34%).
Conclusions:
- The developed LFIA is a practical and rapid tool for screening ENaC expression.
- This assay shows potential for identifying individuals at risk of developing hypertension.
