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A Microsphere-Based Sensor for Point-of-Care and Non-Invasive Acetone Detection.

Oscar Osorio Perez1,2,3, Ngan Anh Nguyen1,2,3, Landon Denham1,2,3

  • 1School of Engineering for Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

Biosensors
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new colorimetric sensor detects acetone, a key fat oxidation biomarker, in body fluids. This reliable and accurate microsphere sensor shows promise for continuous metabolic health monitoring.

Keywords:
acetone sensorbreath and skin acetonecolorimetric detectionketosisliquid-core microspheresmetabolic healthnon-invasive monitoringobesitypoint-of-care diagnosticstype 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarker detection
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Ketones, such as acetone, are crucial biomarkers for fat oxidation and metabolic health.
  • Continuous monitoring of ketones is essential for managing metabolic diseases.
  • Existing detection methods may lack the sensitivity or convenience for real-time analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel colorimetric sensor for continuous acetone detection in biological fluids.
  • To characterize the sensor's performance under various conditions, including humidity and CO2 interference.
  • To validate the sensor's accuracy against established analytical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of liquid-core microsphere sensors encapsulated in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) shell.
  • Characterization of sensor size, PDMS thickness, colorimetric response, and sensitivity.
  • Testing for selectivity, interference (CO2), reproducibility, and stability.
  • Validation against gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using simulated and real breath samples.

Main Results:

  • The microsphere sensor demonstrated controllable size and sensitivity based on fabrication parameters.
  • High selectivity for acetone was observed, with minimal interference from CO2 up to 4%.
  • The sensor exhibited good reproducibility (CV < 5%) and stability over two weeks.
  • Validation against GC-MS showed a strong linear correlation (R-squared = 0.954) for acetone detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed liquid-core microsphere sensor is a promising platform for acetone analysis in body fluids.
  • The sensor offers a reliable and accurate method for potential continuous monitoring of metabolic biomarkers.
  • This technology could advance the management of metabolic health and diseases like type 1 diabetes.