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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

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Integrating Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Proteomics for Semen Quality Biosensing.

Notsile H Dlamini1, Mariana Santos-Rivera2, Carrie K Vance-Kouba2

  • 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.

Biosensors
|July 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies extracellular vesicles in boar seminal plasma as promising biomarkers for semen quality. Combining near-infrared spectroscopy with vesicle proteomics offers a non-invasive method for boar selection, improving artificial insemination in swine.

Keywords:
NIRSbiomarkersbiosensingextracellular vesiclesmale fertilitypigproteomicssemen qualityseminal plasma

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Artificial insemination (AI) is crucial for swine breeding, but assessing semen quality is challenging.
  • Seminal plasma extracellular vesicles (SP-EVs) show potential as non-invasive biomarkers for semen quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore biochemical profiles of boar seminal plasma (SP) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and SP-EV proteomics.
  • To assess the effectiveness of these methods for non-invasive semen quality evaluation.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for improved boar selection in AI.

Main Methods:

  • Collected semen from Duroc boars, classifying samples as Passed (motility ≥70%) or Failed (<70%).
  • Analyzed SP using NIRS with PCA-LDA for water structure variations.
  • Performed proteomic analysis on SP-EVs from Passed and Failed samples.

Main Results:

  • NIRS achieved high accuracy (92.2%) in differentiating semen quality based on water structures.
  • Proteomic analysis identified differential protein expression in SP-EVs, with Nexin-1 and pB1 upregulated and LGALS3BP downregulated in Passed samples.
  • Functional analysis of SP-EVs revealed pathways linked to fertilization and metabolism in high-quality semen.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating NIRS and SP-EV proteomics offers a robust, non-invasive approach to assess boar semen quality.
  • SP-EVs can function as effective biosensors for rapid semen quality assessment.
  • This approach can enhance boar semen selection and optimize AI practices in the swine industry.