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Carbon Skeletons

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Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side chains...

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Sublimation

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Carbonation Shrinkage

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Published on: November 5, 2015

Carbon Aerogels: Synthesis, Modification, and Multifunctional Applications.

Liying Li¹, Guiyu Jin¹, Jian Shen²

¹School of Ecology and Environment, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 25, 2025

Summary

Carbon aerogels (CAs) offer superior electrochemical performance over traditional materials. This review highlights their synthesis, modification, and applications in energy storage, electrocatalysis, and environmental remediation.

Keywords:

carbon aerogels electrochemistry water treatment and adsorption

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

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Published on: November 5, 2015

Fabrication and Testing of Catalytic Aerogels Prepared Via Rapid Supercritical Extraction

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Published on: August 31, 2018

A Rapid Synthesis Method for Au, Pd, and Pt Aerogels Via Direct Solution-Based Reduction

A Rapid Synthesis Method for Au, Pd, and Pt Aerogels Via Direct Solution-Based Reduction

Published on: June 18, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Sustainable Energy

Background:

Conventional carbon materials have limitations in pore structure and surface chemistry.
Carbon aerogels (CAs) offer tunable properties for advanced applications.
Global demand for sustainable energy and environmental solutions is increasing.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review CA-based electrochemical systems.
To establish structure-property-application relationships for energy storage.
To explore CA applications in energy storage, electrocatalysis, and electrochemical processing.

Main Methods:

Critical assessment of CA synthesis methodologies.
Analysis of multifunctional modification strategies (heteroatom doping, composite engineering).
Evaluation of charge-storage mechanisms and electrochemical performance.

Main Results:

Synthesis parameters critically influence CA structure and function.
Modification strategies enhance electrochemical behavior via pore optimization and surface tuning.
CAs show promise in supercapacitors, battery hybrids, electrocatalysis (HER, OER, ORR, CO2RR), and capacitive deionization.

Conclusions:

Carbon aerogels are versatile materials for electrochemical applications.
Tailoring CA synthesis and modification unlocks superior performance.
CAs are key to advancing sustainable energy and environmental technologies.