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A Study on the Performance of Gel-Based Polyurethane Prepolymer/Ceramic Fiber Composite-Modified Asphalt
Tengteng Guo1,2,3,4, Xu Guo1, Yuanzhao Chen1,2,3,4
1School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 25, 2025
Summary
This study optimized polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) and ceramic fiber (CF) composites to enhance asphalt performance. The optimal formulation significantly improves asphalt
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Civil Engineering
- Polymer Science
Background:
- Traditional road materials face challenges in durability and service life, necessitating the development of advanced materials.
- Polyurethane prepolymers (PUPs) offer elasticity and gel-like properties, while ceramic fibers (CFs) provide structural stability and high-temperature resistance.
- The synergistic combination of PUPs and CFs shows potential for significantly enhancing asphalt performance characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize the preparation scheme for PUP/CF composite-modified asphalt using response surface methodology.
- To investigate the aging performance, rheological properties, and microstructure of the modified asphalt.
- To elucidate the modification mechanism and synergistic effects of PUP and CF in asphalt composites.
Main Methods:
- Optimization using response surface methodology to determine optimal PUP and CF content and shear time.
- Comprehensive testing including aging tests, dynamic shear rate (DSR), bending rate (BBR), microstructure scanning (MSCR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and infrared spectroscopy (IR).
- Evaluation of rheological properties, permanent deformation resistance, and microstructural changes.
Main Results:
- The optimal preparation scheme was identified as 7.4% PUP, 2.1% CF, and 40 min shear time.
- PUP/CF composite-modified asphalt exhibited enhanced aging resistance and superior high- and low-temperature rheological properties compared to base and CF-modified asphalt.
- AFM analysis revealed a 'honeycomb structure' in PUP/CF modified asphalt, indicating improved structural asphalt content and enhanced interfacial bonding due to the PUP gel network.
Conclusions:
- The synergistic effect of PUP gel and CF significantly improves both macro and micro properties of asphalt.
- PUP forms a three-dimensional elastic gel network, enhancing adhesion and deformation resistance, leading to improved road material performance.
- The optimized formulation (7.4% PUP, 2.1% CF) resulted in significant improvements in penetration, softening point, and ductility, validating gel-based composites for asphalt modification.
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