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Design Optimization of Cesium Contents for Mixed Cation MA1-xCsxPbI3-Based Efficient Perovskite Solar Cell
Syed Abdul Moiz1, Ahmed N M Alahmadi1, Mohammed Saleh Alshaikh1
1Device Simulation Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 25, 2025
Summary
Cesium (Cs) addition optimizes methylammonium lead-iodide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by reducing defects, achieving 18.53% efficiency. Optimal Cs concentration balances performance, making PSCs a commercially viable option.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Solid-State Physics
Background:
- Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and affordability.
- Operational stability under environmental stress remains a challenge for PSC commercialization.
- Methylammonium lead-iodide (MAPbI3) based PSCs are a focus for renewable energy solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize methylammonium lead-iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using cesium (Cs) incorporation.
- To investigate the impact of mixed-cation compositions (MA1-xCsxPbI3) on PSC performance metrics.
- To identify optimal device parameters for enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE).
Main Methods:
- Simulated device architecture: ITO/TiO2/MA1-xCsxPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au.
- Investigated varying cesium (Cs) concentrations (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1).
- Analyzed effects on open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE.
Main Results:
- The MA0.5Cs0.5PbI3 composition achieved a maximum PCE of 18.53%.
- Optimal device parameters include TiO2 doping density (~10^20 cm^-3) and specific layer thicknesses.
- Diminished defect density at x=0.5 improved photovoltaic performance, while higher Cs concentrations (>0.5) increased trap states, reducing PCE.
Conclusions:
- Mixed-cation perovskite solar cells (MA1-xCsxPbI3) show potential for commercial viability.
- Cesium incorporation, particularly at moderate levels, enhances PSC efficiency and performance.
- Further research into defect mitigation is crucial for advancing PSC technology.
