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Sanitation financial tools (SFTs) for citywide inclusive sanitation (CWIS): A critical review
Camila Silva Franco1, Shirish Singh2, Damir Brdjanovic3
1Department of Environmental Engineering, Lavras Federal University (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands.
Abstract:
Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS) is an approach for safely managed sanitation service provision aimed at achieving three core outcomes: equity, safety, and sustainability, which is crucial to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). Financial planning is vital in promoting safe and sustainable sanitation services; hence, this study critically examines current Sanitation Financial Tools (SFTs) and the extent to which they incorporate the core CWIS outcomes. The analysis revealed that most tools consider these CWIS outcomes in isolation, if at all, and commonly neglect specific financial needs of low-income populations, protection of sanitation workers, gender equity, and disregard the financial sustainability of sanitation service provision. The findings underscore an urgent need for improved financial planning aligned with CWIS outcomes that support equitable, safe, and sustainable sanitation at scale, which contributes to informed decision-making for sustainable sanitation services.
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