The Canadian brachytherapy experience: Results of the Canadian brachytherapy group national survey

Brachytherapy (BT) techniques, skillsets and resource requirements have advanced over the past decade. This study aimed to characterize the current extent of BT availability, expertise and utilization in Canada.

A 68-question survey covering expertise, training, resources and future challenges to BT programs was created and sent to a single representative at each of the 36 of 49 radiotherapy centers in Canada identified to have an active BT program. Responses were then analyzed in aggregate.

Thirty-one responses (response rate 86%) representing all provinces with at least 1 available BT program (9) were obtained. The median number of radiation oncologists practicing BT in each center was 5 (3-6); this represented 33% (24%-43%) of the workforce at each center. Thirty (97%) centers had at least 1 fellowship trained brachytherapist on site. Eleven (35%) respondent centers offered BT fellowship programs and 7 (64%) of those offered the nationally accredited brachytherapy designations at the end of training. All 30 respondents (100%) offered BT treatment for endometrial cancer, 26 (87%) for cervical cancer, 25 (83%) for prostate cancer and 20 (67%) for vaginal cancer. In 2024, the median number of endometrial, cervical, prostate and vaginal cancers cases treated were 38 (22-50), 19 (7-33), 66 (41-138) and 1 (0-3), respectively. Sixteen (62%) respondents anticipated an increase in demand for BT resources within the next 5 years.

BT programs across Canada are supported by highly trained brachytherapists. BT programs most commonly treat gynecologic and genitourinary malignancies.