Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

454
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
454
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

397
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
397
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

697
In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
697
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

253
In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
253
Contingency Table01:29

Contingency Table

2.6K
A contingency table provides a way of portraying data that can facilitate calculating probabilities. It is a method of displaying a frequency distribution as a table with rows and columns to show how two variables may be dependent (contingent) upon each other; The table helps determine conditional probabilities quite quickly and can help systematically organize, analyze and quantify data. The table displays sample values concerning two variables that may be dependent or contingent on one...
2.6K
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

4.2K
Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis and Post-Inflammatory Hypopigmentation With Roflumilast Foam in Skin of Color Patients.

Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD·2026
Same author

Precision fMRI reveals that the language network exhibits adult-like left-hemispheric lateralization by 4 years of age.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Dependency syntax as the simplest theory of grammar.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same author

The cerebellar components of the human language network.

Neuron·2026
Same author

Development of a suite of activatable plant synthetic promoter systems using a bacterial LysR-type transcriptional regulator FdeR.

Synthetic and systems biotechnology·2026
Same author

Three distinct components of pragmatic language use: Social conventions, intonation, and world knowledge-based causal reasoning.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K

Word and construction probabilities explain the acceptability of certain long-distance dependency structures.

Moshe Poliak1, Curtis Chen1, Edward Gibson1

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, United States.

Cognition
|July 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study refines probability-based explanations for sentence acceptability, finding that higher word and construction probability correlates with greater acceptability in long-distance dependencies.

Keywords:
Frequency effectsLong-distance dependenciesSentence processingSyntactic islands

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

528
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K
Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

528
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The acceptability of long-distance dependencies in sentences is a complex linguistic phenomenon.
  • Previous research proposed probability-based accounts for specific constructions, such as wh-questions with complement verbs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate simpler probability-based models against existing accounts for wh-questions with long-distance dependencies.
  • To investigate the applicability of probability-based explanations to wh-questions involving predicate adjectives.

Main Methods:

  • Replication of a previous experiment using Liu et al.'s (2022) dataset.
  • Analysis of alternative probability-based models on the existing and new datasets.
  • Application of the same analytical framework to wh-questions with predicate adjectives.

Main Results:

  • An alternative probability-based account demonstrated a better fit to the original data.
  • Replication of the experiment yielded consistent results, supporting the proposed alternative model.
  • Similar findings were observed when analyzing wh-questions with predicate adjectives.

Conclusions:

  • Sentence acceptability, particularly in constructions with long-distance dependencies, is influenced by the probability of constituent words and structures.
  • Probability-based models offer a robust framework for understanding syntactic acceptability.
  • The findings generalize across different types of complementation in wh-questions.