Framing and implementing evidence-based research in research groups and institutions to put knowledge to action

This study aimed to identify a comprehensive and applicable implementation framework that describes how evidence-based research (EBR) can come systematically into action.

This is a non-empirical study in which the process leading to the criteria-based choice of framework is depicted. The implementation of EBR using the framework is systematically described, and potential implementation challenges are addressed.

Based on five explicit criteria, the Theory, Model, and Framework Comparison and Selection Tool (T-CaST), the Knowledge to Action Framework was superior to alternative models. EBR was applied to the framework and discussed regarding the two overarching components, knowledge creation and the action cycle, as well as their single phases.

Recommendations for implementing EBR should integrate both scientific rigour and social engagement. The process should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team that involves as many relevant stakeholders as possible. It is considered a core issue that one size does not fit all; attention should be given to the culture of the research group or organisation, which might be obstructive to the aim of a specific implementation process.