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Published on: August 22, 2022
Impact of Traumatic Injuries to Primary Teeth on the Development of Permanent Dentition: Findings From a
Vanessa Polina Pereira da Costa1, Fernanda Vieira Almeida2, Giulia Tarquinio Demarco2
1Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Objective:
This retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze the occurrence of sequelae in permanent teeth resulting from traumatic injuries to primary dentition among children treated over a 14-year period at a specialized Dental Trauma Center.
Methods:
Data from 140 children with complete records on trauma and sequelae were evaluated. Poisson regression was applied to calculate relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results:
Out of the 244 primary teeth affected by trauma, 81 (33.2%) exhibited sequelae in their permanent successors. The majority of sequelae were mild, with enamel discoloration being the most common type. Intrusive luxation and avulsion were the main causes of sequelae. Factors influencing sequelae included age, trauma location, and trauma type. Children aged 2-4 years (RR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26-0.85) and those older than 4 years (RR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.15-0.60) experienced less sequelae compared to children under 2 years of age (p = 0.003). Dental injuries sustained outside the home were linked to a higher incidence of sequelae (RR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.16-3.66) compared to those occurring at home (p = 0.012). Additionally, supporting tissue injuries posed a significantly higher risk (RR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.12-6.93) compared to hard tissue injuries (p = 0.027).
Conclusions:
Sequelae in permanent teeth were commonly observed after primary dentition trauma, with the majority being classified as mild. Trauma to supporting tissues, younger age (< 2 years), and injuries occurring outside the home were associated with the development of sequelae in permanent teeth.
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