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Development and application of an immersive 360° video-based VR simulation program for pressure injury management for
1Department of Nursing, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, 160, Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Aim:
The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of an immersive 360° video-based VR simulation program for pressure injury management (VR-SIMPI) and explore new nurses' perceptions and learning experiences qualitatively.
Background:
Pressure injuries pose major healthcare challenge, causing patient discomfort, longer hospital stays and increased costs. Effective education for new nurses is essential, but traditional lecture-based training lacks hands-on experience. VR offers an innovative solution by providing immersive, interactive learning that enhances skill development and clinical decision-making.
Design:
A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group.
Methods:
The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in South Korea with 69 new nurses, divided into an experimental group (n = 35) receiving VR-SIMPI and a control group (n = 34) receiving lecture-based training. Nursing knowledge, performance confidence and clinical competency were assessed quantitatively; qualitative insights were collected through focus group interviews.
Results:
The VR-SIMPI program significantly improved pressure injury nursing knowledge (z = -3.78, p < .001, ES = 0.90) and performance confidence (z = -8.40, p < .001, ES = 1.69) in the experimental group. Clinical competency also showed a large effect size (z = -7.00, p < .001, ES = 3.55) compared with the control group. Focus group interviews revealed that participants found the VR environment highly immersive and beneficial for mastering complex clinical scenarios.
Conclusions:
VR-SIMPI significantly enhanced knowledge, confidence and competency among new nurses. These findings suggest that VR is a valuable nursing education tool. Future studies should explore its scalability and long-term impact.
