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Explainable artificial intelligence: enhancing decision-making in plastic surgery.

Berk B Ozmen1, Victor F A Almeida2, Piyush Mathur2

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

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|July 27, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) makes AI recommendations in plastic surgery transparent. This enhances surgeon trust and clinical adoption by clarifying AI decision-making processes.

Keywords:
Clinical decision supportExplainable artificial intelligenceMachine learningPatient-centered carePlastic surgerySurgical risk prediction

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Computer Science
  • Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly used in plastic surgery for prediction and planning.
  • The "black box" nature of AI hinders surgeon trust and clinical adoption.
  • Lack of transparency in AI decision-making limits its integration into surgical workflows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods for plastic surgery.
  • To enhance transparency and understanding of AI-driven recommendations for surgeons.
  • To facilitate the integration of AI into clinical practice while maintaining surgeon oversight.

Main Methods:

  • Outlining XAI approaches for individual case explanations.
  • Presenting methods for generating population-level insights from AI models.
  • Describing visualization techniques tailored for plastic surgery applications.

Main Results:

  • XAI transforms opaque AI systems into transparent decision support tools.
  • Methods enable surgeons to understand the reasoning behind AI recommendations.
  • Integration of XAI enhances clinical adoption and surgeon trust in AI.

Conclusions:

  • XAI is crucial for bridging the gap between AI capabilities and clinical practice in plastic surgery.
  • Transparent AI decision support empowers surgeons to maintain patient-centered care.
  • XAI enhances both the scientific and artistic aspects of plastic surgery through trusted AI integration.