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Common and distinct patterns of brain activity alterations during inhibitory control in depression and
Yuanyuan Li1,2, Xiqin Liu1,2,3, Jianyu Li1
1Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, https://ror.org/007mrxy13West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and psychostimulant use disorder (PUD) are common, disabling psychopathologies that pose a major public health burden. They share a common behavioral phenotype: deficits in inhibitory control (IC). However, whether this is underpinned by shared neurobiology remains unclear. In this meta-analytic study, we aimed to define and compare brain functional alterations during IC tasks in MDD and PUD.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic literature search on IC task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in MDD and PUD (cocaine or methamphetamine use disorder) in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. We performed a quantitative meta-analysis using seed-based d mapping to define common and distinct neurofunctional abnormalities.
Results:
We identified 14 studies comparing IC-related brain activation in a total of 340 MDD patients with 303 healthy controls (HCs), and 11 studies comparing 258 PUD patients with 273 HCs. MDD showed disorder-differentiating hypoactivation during IC tasks in the median cingulate/paracingulate gyri relative to PUD and HC, whereas PUD showed disorder-differentiating hypoactivation relative to MDD and HC in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule. In conjunction analysis, hypoactivation in the right inferior/middle frontal gyrus was common to both MDD and PUD.
Conclusions:
The transdiagnostic neurofunctional alterations in prefrontal cognitive control regions may underlie IC deficits shared by MDD and PUD, whereas disorder-differentiating activation abnormalities in midcingulate and parietal regions may account for their distinct features associated with disturbed goal-directed behavior.
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