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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

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The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

63.9K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

1.7K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

24.0K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
24.0K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

121.8K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
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Enhanced Ionic Conductivity in Bidisperse Solid Electrolytes.

Vesselin I Yamakov1, April A Rains2,3, Jason S Packard2,4

  • 1Analytical Mechanics Associates, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|July 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored solid electrolytes for safer, high-capacity energy storage. Simulations revealed that a mix of coarse and fine particles significantly boosts ion conductivity in solid-state batteries, especially with specific grain size ratios and high grain boundary conductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Growing demand for safe, high-capacity energy storage drives interest in all-solid-state batteries.
  • Solid electrolytes offer improved safety and durability over traditional liquid electrolytes.
  • Optimizing ionic conductivity in solid electrolytes is crucial for battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes with bidisperse grain sizes.
  • To identify optimal conditions for enhancing ion transport in solid electrolytes.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind conductivity improvements in mixed-particle-size electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a particle dynamics electromechanics computational model to simulate ionic conductivity.
  • Examined electrolytes composed of a mixture of coarse and fine particles.
  • Conducted experimental validation using a Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte with varying particle sizes.

Main Results:

  • Simulations demonstrated increased densification and ion conductivity with 10-30 vol % fine particle content.
  • High grain boundary conductivity (≥ bulk conductivity) and a grain size ratio > 3 are critical for enhancement.
  • Experimental results confirmed the simulation findings on Li6PS5Cl electrolytes.

Conclusions:

  • Bidisperse grain size solid electrolytes can significantly enhance ionic conductivity.
  • Optimizing particle size distribution and grain boundary properties is key to high-performance solid-state batteries.
  • Computational modeling provides a valuable tool for designing advanced solid electrolyte materials.