The Effect of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Blood Pressure in Relation to Baseline Kidney Function: A Systematic Literature...

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The glucose-lowering effect of SGLT2i depends on baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but whether the same is true for the blood-pressure-lowering effect is unknown.

We performed a systematic literature review in PubMed (Study 1) and analyzed data from a clinical study (Study 2) to investigate if the blood-pressure-lowering effect of SGLT2i depends on baseline eGFR. In the literature review, we performed a weighted regression analysis with mean change in SBP and DBP as dependent variables and mean eGFR as an independent variable. Furthermore, we analyzed data from a cohort of 48 patients with either type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD) or non-diabetic CKD with varying degrees of kidney function.

In total, 2,069 articles were identified, of which 27 articles met the inclusion criteria. Analysis revealed a mean weighted reduction in SBP -4.7 mmHg compared to baseline and -3.5 mmHg compared to placebo. The weighted regression analysis showed no correlation between change in SBP and baseline eGFR. Data analysis of 48 patients revealed an SBP reduction of 5.5 mmHg, and the simple linear regression revealed no correlation between the decrease in blood pressure and baseline eGFR.

The blood-pressure-lowering effect of SGLT2i does not depend on baseline eGFR.