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Structuralism, an early psychological theory developed by Wilhelm Wundt and his student Edward Bradford Titchener, sought to dissect the human mind into its most fundamental components. Wundt's groundbreaking work in his laboratory set the stage for Titchener to define structuralism's goal as cataloging the "atoms" of the mind—sensations, images, and feelings—akin to how chemists identify elements of matter.
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A bond can be broken either by heterolytic bond cleavage to form ions or homolytic bond cleavage to yield radicals. A fishhook arrow is used to represent the motion of a single electron in homolytic bond cleavage. There are two main sources from which radicals can be formed:
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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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On the Cover: Seeing Like a New Materialist.

Jan Hansen

    Technology and Culture
    |July 28, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This essay argues that visual sources, like photographs, actively construct truth and meaning. Analyzing a 1914 Los Angeles photo reveals how images show human-nonhuman entanglements and abstract concepts, enhancing research and teaching.

    Area of Science:

    • Visual Studies
    • New Materialism
    • Media Theory

    Background:

    • Traditional research often treats visual sources as secondary evidence.
    • There is a need for methodologies that recognize the active role of images in knowledge production.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate how new materialist approaches can critically engage with visual sources.
    • To highlight the unique capacity of images, particularly photographs, in shaping meaning and revealing complex relationships.
    • To explore the pedagogical applications of visual source analysis in research and teaching.

    Main Methods:

    • Case study analysis of a 1914 photograph of Los Angeles.
    • Application of new materialist theoretical frameworks to visual interpretation.
    • Comparative analysis of visual and textual sources.

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    Main Results:

    • Visual sources actively construct truth and meaning, rather than merely documenting it.
    • Photographs reveal intricate entanglements between humans and nonhumans.
    • Images capture salient details and abstract concepts (e.g., matter's vitality) often missed in textual analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual sources are crucial for understanding complex realities and should be central to research and pedagogy.
    • New materialist analysis offers a powerful lens for interpreting the active role of images.
    • Photographs provide accessible and compelling ways to convey abstract ideas and interconnections.