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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

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Alternative Models for Anticancer Drug Discovery From Natural Products Using Binary Tumor-Microenvironment-on-a-Chip.

Youngwon Kim1,2, Si Hyeon Chae3, Dahae Lee4

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 13722, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|July 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel tumor-microenvironment-on-a-chip (T-MOC) system offers efficient preclinical anticancer drug evaluation. This platform assesses natural compounds illudin S and roridin E, revealing their efficacy and toxicity profiles, reducing animal model reliance.

Keywords:
alternative modelanticancer natural productsbinary tumor‐microenvironment‐on‐a‐chip (binary T‐MOC)new approach methodologies (NAMs)poisonous mushrooms

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pharmacology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Traditional anticancer drug evaluation relies on animal models, which are inefficient and ethically concerning.
  • There is a critical need for advanced preclinical platforms to assess drug efficacy and toxicity more effectively.
  • Natural products are a promising source of novel anticancer agents, but their development requires robust assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a binary tumor-microenvironment-on-a-chip (T-MOC) system for evaluating anticancer drugs.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential and toxicity of illudin S and roridin E using the developed T-MOC model.
  • To explore the predictive capabilities of the T-MOC system for drug delivery, distribution, and microenvironmental influences.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a binary T-MOC system integrating vascular and invasive ductal carcinoma compartments.
  • Assessment of illudin S and roridin E, cytotoxic compounds from Omphalotus japonicus and Podostroma cornu-damae, respectively.
  • Morphological analysis to predict drug delivery, distribution, and microenvironmental effects on drug response.

Main Results:

  • Illudin S showed strong anticancer effects but significant lung and liver toxicity, indicating a narrow therapeutic window.
  • Roridin E exhibited potent activity at low doses but high toxicity, particularly in the liver and skin.
  • The T-MOC model revealed anisotropic remission and the impact of microenvironmental factors on drug response.

Conclusions:

  • The binary T-MOC system serves as a promising alternative to animal models for preclinical anticancer drug evaluation.
  • This platform facilitates efficient validation of natural product-derived anticancer agents like illudin S and roridin E.
  • The T-MOC system aids in understanding drug delivery barriers, toxicity, and microenvironmental influences, optimizing drug development.