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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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IR Absorption Frequency: Delocalization01:04

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Electron delocalization refers to the distribution of electrons across multiple atoms within a molecule rather than being confined to a single atom or bond. This phenomenon is common in systems with conjugated bonds—structures where alternating single and double bonds allow π-electrons to move freely across the network. The movement of electrons stabilizes the molecule and can affect various chemical properties, including vibrational frequencies observed in IR spectroscopy.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
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Unveiling local molecular desorption dynamics using higher-order optical resonances.

Mingquan Deng1, Xiujie Dou1, Xiaoyu Wang2

  • 1School of Integrated Circuits, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.

Frontiers of Optoelectronics
|July 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to detect laser-induced water molecule desorption from oxide surfaces using optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonances. This technique offers real-time tracking and spatial profiling of molecular desorption dynamics at the nanoscale.

Keywords:
High-order axial modeMicrotube cavityMolecular desorptionOptical sensingWhispering-gallery-mode (WGM)

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding water molecule sorption dynamics on solid surfaces is crucial for fundamental and industrial applications.
  • Current methods often rely on external temperature variations, limiting in situ studies.
  • A need exists for sensitive, real-time detection of molecular desorption in microsystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel technique for in situ detection of laser-induced water molecule desorption.
  • To achieve sensitive, sub-monolayer level detection on oxide surfaces.
  • To provide insights into molecular desorption kinetics and spatial distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonances within a nanomembrane-based microtube cavity.
  • Tracking desorption dynamics via real-time shifts in WGM resonance modes.
  • Applying pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models to analyze desorption kinetics.
  • Employing adjusted laser excitation and axial-mode-dependent responses for spatial profiling.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected laser irradiation-induced localized water molecule desorption at a sub-monolayer level.
  • Real-time tracking of desorption dynamics was achieved through WGM resonance mode shifts.
  • Desorption kinetics were accurately modeled using established kinetic models.
  • Spatially resolved profiles of desorption-induced perturbation were retrieved.

Conclusions:

  • The study introduces a sensitive, spatially resolved sensing technique for molecular desorption.
  • Provides new insights into the kinetics of molecular desorption processes.
  • Highlights potential applications in surface science, molecular sensing, and nanoscale desorption studies.