Predictors of gestational weight gain in western India: Findings from a longitudinal study across rural and urban cohorts
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Urban underweight pregnant women gained more weight, highlighting a rural-urban health disparity in gestational weight gain (GWG). Modifiable factors like diet and physical activity can optimize GWG for improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Area Of Science
- Maternal-fetal medicine
- Public health nutrition
- Epidemiology
Background
- Gestational weight gain (GWG) is crucial for neonatal growth but longitudinal data from rural and urban India are limited.
- Understanding GWG patterns and determinants is essential for targeted interventions.
- Existing guidelines (IOM, 2009) require validation in diverse Indian populations.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate longitudinal GWG patterns in pregnant women in rural and urban Pune, India.
- To identify key predictors of inadequate and excessive GWG.
- To compare observed GWG with IOM, 2009 guidelines.
Main Methods
- A cohort of 268 pregnant women (134 rural, 134 urban) was recruited between August 2020-September 2023.
- Anthropometry, socioeconomic status, diet, physical activity, sleep quality, and prenatal distress were assessed per trimester.
- Pre-gestational BMI and GWG were calculated using WHO and IOM (2009) criteria.
Main Results
- Mean GWG was 10.9 ± 4.2 kg; urban women gained more weight (11.9 ± 4.5 kg) than rural women (9.9 ± 3.7 kg).
- Underweight rural women (61.2%) had inadequate GWG, while overweight/obese urban women (57.3%) exceeded recommended gains.
- Inadequate GWG predictors included low SES, parity, underweight BMI, distress, and poor sleep; excessive GWG was linked to overweight/obese BMI.
Conclusions
- Significant weight gain disparities exist between urban and rural pregnant women, necessitating public health attention.
- Modifiable factors like diet and physical activity are key targets for optimizing GWG.
- Further research on context-specific GWG recommendations is warranted given the study's single-location focus.
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