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Related Concept Videos

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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Related Experiment Video

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Rituximab induced lung injury.

Rohit Chari1, Youmna Abdelghany2, Madeleine Purcell1

  • 1University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

BMC Pulmonary Medicine
|July 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Rituximab-associated interstitial lung disease (RTX-ILD) is a rare but serious complication of lymphoma treatment. A prolonged course of steroids can help manage RTX-ILD, allowing patients to complete essential R-CHOP chemotherapy.

Keywords:
Chemotherapy toxicityInterstitial lung diseaseRituximab

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat B-cell lymphomas like DLBCL.
  • Rituximab-associated interstitial lung disease (RTX-ILD) is an emerging complication.
  • Non-infectious pulmonary toxicity necessitates vigilance during rituximab therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of RTX-ILD in a patient undergoing R-CHOP therapy.
  • To discuss the management of RTX-ILD when rituximab is essential for curative intent.
  • To highlight the role of prolonged steroid use in managing RTX-ILD.

Main Methods:

  • A 73-year-old female with DLBCL received R-CHOP chemotherapy.
  • The patient developed acute respiratory symptoms and hypoxemia post-rituximab infusion.
  • Diagnostic workup included imaging and bronchoscopy; treatment involved steroids and modified R-CHOP schedule.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with shortness of breath and hypoxemia after rituximab infusion.
  • Chest imaging revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities.
  • Steroid treatment led to resolution of GGOs and improved oxygenation, enabling completion of R-CHOP.

Conclusions:

  • RTX-ILD is a rare but severe complication requiring high suspicion for diagnosis.
  • Discontinuation of rituximab is typically recommended, but prolonged steroid therapy may allow continuation if curative intent is present.
  • Co-treatment with steroids can help preserve lung function during R-CHOP therapy for DLBCL.