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Murine Excisional Wound Healing Model and Histological Morphometric Wound Analysis
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Comparison of Tissue Repair with Different Types of Microdissection Tips: A Randomized Histomorphometric Evaluation

Ana Luiza Vila Verde Brunelli1, Luíz Henrique Soares Torres2, Arthur Henrique Alécio Viotto2

  • 1Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study compared tissue repair from different microdissection electrocautery tips in rats. Results show instrument type had minimal impact on collagen levels, with healing time being the key factor.

Keywords:
electrocoagulationhealingmicrodissectionratssurgical wound

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Evaluating novel surgical tools is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
  • Microdissection electrocautery tips offer potential advantages in precision and tissue management.
  • Understanding their impact on tissue repair is essential for clinical adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of different microdissection electrocautery tips versus a scalpel in promoting skin and subcutaneous tissue repair.
  • To assess the influence of instrument type and post-operative time on collagen deposition during wound healing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an in vivo Wistar rat model with four incision types: scalpel, knife-type electrocautery, microdissection needle, and thin-cut electrode.
  • Collected tissue samples at five time points (24h to 14 days) for histological and histomorphometric analysis.
  • Employed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Picrosirius red staining, with ANOVA for statistical analysis of type I collagen levels.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in type I collagen levels was observed between the different dissection instruments (p = 0.615).
  • Euthanasia time significantly influenced wound healing (p < 0.001), with collagen levels showing minimal variation (35.4%–36.5%) across instruments.
  • The thin-cut electrode demonstrated comparable tissue repair to a scalpel, functioning at lower temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of microdissection instrument has a limited effect on type I collagen deposition in wound healing.
  • Wound healing time is a critical determinant of tissue repair, irrespective of the dissection tool used.
  • The thin-cut electrode presents a viable alternative to traditional scalpels, offering efficient cutting, coagulation, and blending with potentially reduced thermal damage.