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Anti-Inflammatory Pathways Modulated by Microbial Polysaccharides from Euganean Thermal Muds in Zebrafish.

Micol Caichiolo1,2, Raffaella Margherita Zampieri1, Francesca Terrin1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2025
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Summary

Microbial polysaccharides (M-PS) from Euganean thermal muds reduce inflammation by down-regulating key inflammatory genes in zebrafish. This study reveals M-PS

Keywords:
bioactive moleculescopper sulphateinflammationmicrobial polysaccharidespeloidsthermal mudtranscriptomezebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Euganean thermal muds have historical therapeutic uses.
  • Microbial polysaccharides (M-PS) from these muds show anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Downstream signaling pathways of M-PS remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of inflammation resolution induced by M-PS.
  • To identify the signaling pathways regulated by M-PS using transcriptome analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome analysis of copper sulphate-inflamed zebrafish larvae treated with M-PS.
  • Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify enriched pathways.
  • Differential gene expression (DEG) and pseudotime analysis.

Main Results:

  • M-PS treatment significantly down-regulated key genes in inflammatory pathways.
  • Eleven pathways, including TNF-α, IL6-JAK-STAT, p53, apoptosis, and interferon response, were up-regulated but had reduced components.
  • Seven pathways, including E2F, MYC, and G2M checkpoint, were down-regulated.

Conclusions:

  • M-PS exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by modulating specific gene expression and signaling pathways.
  • Findings provide mechanistic insights into the therapeutic potential of Euganean thermal muds.
  • This research supports the use of M-PS for inflammatory disease treatment.