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Short-Term Effects over Time of Endotracheal Suctioning on Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants with RDS

Ernetas Virsilas1, Arunas Valiulis1, Arunas Liubsys1

  • 1Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

End-expiratory lung impedance (EELZ) and DeltaZ changes after endotracheal suctioning in premature infants were assessed. These impedance changes were found to persist for at least 10 minutes post-suctioning.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Respiratory monitoring
  • Critical care medicine

Background:

  • Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) frequently necessitates invasive respiratory support in neonates.
  • Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers a non-invasive method for monitoring lung function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in end-expiratory lung impedance (EELZ) and DeltaZ following endotracheal suctioning.
  • To determine the duration of these impedance changes in infants receiving mechanical ventilation.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of very low birth weight infants (<32 weeks gestational age) on mechanical ventilation were studied.
  • Endotracheal suctioning was performed using an open system.
  • EELZ and DeltaZ were measured using EIT immediately and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes post-suctioning.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-one suctioning events were analyzed across 16 infants.
  • No significant hypoxemic events occurred during the observation period.
  • Consistent changes in EELZ (decrease) and DeltaZ (increase) were observed for up to 10 minutes post-suctioning (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Endotracheal suctioning causes persistent changes in lung impedance parameters (EELZ and DeltaZ) for at least 10 minutes.
  • EIT can detect these post-suctioning lung changes in mechanically ventilated neonates.
Abstract

Keywords:
electrical impedance tomographyendotracheal suctionmechanical ventilationpreterm newbornsrespiratory distress syndrome

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