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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Human Blood-Derived lncRNAs in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Carmela Serpe1, Paola De Sanctis1, Marina Marini1

  • 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.

Biomolecules
|July 29, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in blood show promise as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) biomarkers. Further research is needed to validate these potential markers for early ASD diagnosis and targeted therapies.

Keywords:
ASDautism spectrum disorderbiomarkerslncRNAlong non-coding RNAnon-coding RNAperipheral blood

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed clinically around age three.
  • Early diagnosis and identification of therapeutic targets are crucial for managing ASD.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as potential biomarkers in various diseases, including neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review original studies on human blood-derived lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for ASD.
  • To categorize identified lncRNAs based on their association with ASD-related biological processes or high-throughput discovery.
  • To outline future research priorities for validating lncRNAs as reliable ASD biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of original studies investigating blood-derived lncRNAs in ASD.
  • Classification of lncRNAs based on their involvement in ASD-related pathways or high-throughput screening.
  • Analysis of current research status and identification of future research needs.

Main Results:

  • Several dysregulated blood-derived lncRNAs have been identified in individuals with ASD.
  • lncRNAs were grouped based on their functional relevance to ASD pathophysiology or discovery via large-scale analyses.
  • The field of lncRNA research for ASD biomarkers is still in its nascent stages.

Conclusions:

  • Blood-derived lncRNAs represent a promising area for ASD biomarker development.
  • Future research should focus on validating lncRNAs in larger, younger cohorts and differentiating ASD from other neurological disorders.
  • Integrating diverse data sources is essential for establishing robust lncRNA biomarker networks for clinical application.