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The Role of Testing and Vaccination in Mediating Social Vulnerability and COVID-19 Prevalence in Southern Nevada
Andrea Lopez1, Lung-Chang Chien1, L-W Antony Chen2
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89110, USA.
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophic event highlighting numerous health disparities. The social vulnerability index (SVI) has been widely utilized in COVID-19 research to assess vulnerable communities and to examine how social determinants influence various COVID-19 outcomes. This population-based study aims to determine whether COVID-19 testing and vaccination rates mediate the relationship between the SVI and COVID-19 prevalence. Mediation analysis was conducted using data from 535 census tracts in Clark County, Nevada. Findings indicate that COVID-19 testing rates were lower in areas with high SVI scores, potentially leading to more undetected cases. Moreover, COVID-19 testing, full vaccination, and follow-up vaccination rates significantly mediated the relationship between SVI and COVID-19 prevalence. These results suggest that greater location-based social vulnerability is associated with a sequential pathway of reduced testing and vaccination rates, contributing to underreported COVID-19 cases.
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