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Thermalization in Asymmetric Harmonic Chains.

Weicheng Fu1,2,3, Sihan Feng4, Yong Zhang3,4

  • 1Department of Physics, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741001, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interparticle interaction potential (IIP) asymmetry significantly impacts thermalization in solids. This study reveals asymmetry enhances relaxation dynamics, distinct from nonlinearity, with a novel power-law relationship observed.

Keywords:
FPUT problemasymmetric harmonic chainthermalization

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The symmetry of interparticle interaction potentials (IIP) is crucial for thermodynamic and transport properties of solids.
  • Asymmetry and nonlinearity in IIP are often interconnected, making it difficult to study their isolated effects.
  • Understanding thermalization dynamics is key to predicting material behavior under various conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the isolated effect of IIP asymmetry on thermalization dynamics.
  • To introduce and analyze a one-dimensional asymmetric harmonic (AH) model to decouple asymmetry from nonlinearity.
  • To explore thermalization in a system with combined IIP asymmetry and nonlinearity.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a one-dimensional asymmetric harmonic (AH) model with asymmetry but no nonlinearity.
  • Conducting extensive numerical simulations to study thermalization time (Teq).
  • Analyzing the relationship between thermalization time and perturbation strength in both asymmetric and asymmetric-nonlinear models.

Main Results:

  • A power-law relationship between thermalization time and perturbation strength was confirmed for the AH chain.
  • The observed exponent in the AH chain is larger than the previously known inverse-square law.
  • Matthiessen's rule effectively estimated thermalization time when symmetric quartic nonlinearity was added to the AH model.

Conclusions:

  • Interparticle interaction potential asymmetry plays a distinct role in thermalization dynamics, separate from nonlinearity.
  • Asymmetry enhances higher-order effects and governs relaxation dynamics in solids.
  • The findings provide new insights into the fundamental mechanisms of thermalization in condensed matter systems.