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Post-Quantum Secure Multi-Factor Authentication Protocol for Multi-Server Architecture.

Yunhua Wen1, Yandong Su1, Wei Li1

  • 1School of Computer Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new post-quantum secure multi-factor authentication (MFA) protocol for multi-server systems. The protocol enhances security and efficiency using an offline registration center, Kyber, and fuzzy extractors.

Keywords:
fuzzy extractorkey encapsulation mechanismlattice-based cryptographymulti-factor authenticationpost-quantum securityreal or random model

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Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Cryptography
  • Information Security

Background:

  • Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is crucial for secure access.
  • Single-server MFA systems create user burdens with multiple registrations and credentials.
  • Existing multi-server MFA protocols face challenges with registration center (RC) bottlenecks and single points of failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel post-quantum secure multi-factor authentication (MFA) protocol.
  • To design the protocol for a multi-server architecture utilizing an offline registration center (RC).
  • To ensure the protocol is resistant to quantum computing threats.

Main Methods:

  • The proposed MFA protocol employs the post-quantum secure Kyber key encapsulation mechanism.
  • An information-theoretically secure fuzzy extractor is integrated as a core component.
  • Formal security proofs are conducted under the real or random (ROR) model in the random oracle paradigm.

Main Results:

  • The protocol achieves post-quantum semantic security.
  • It addresses computational bottlenecks and single-point failure issues of traditional RCs.
  • Demonstrates higher efficiency and reasonable communication overhead compared to existing protocols.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MFA protocol offers robust security against quantum attacks.
  • It provides an efficient and practical solution for multi-server environments.
  • The protocol enhances user experience by simplifying registration and credential management.