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The Association Between Chemerin Levels and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Systematic Review and
Hitham Aldharee1,2, Yousif R Makki3, Hamdan Z Hamdan1
1Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 29, 2025
Summary
This study found significantly higher chemerin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases compared to controls. Elevated chemerin may play a role in GDM development, warranting further research.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Pregnancy Complications
Background:
- Chemerin, an adipokine, is linked to insulin resistance, a key feature of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
- Previous research on chemerin levels in GDM has yielded inconclusive results.
- An updated systematic review and meta-analysis is needed to clarify the association between chemerin and GDM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update the evidence on the association between chemerin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
- To pool data from multiple studies to determine if chemerin is significantly different in GDM cases versus controls.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up to April 1, 2025.
- Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using R software's 'meta' package.
- Included 22 studies with 1735 GDM cases and 1701 normoglycemic controls; applied random effects model due to heterogeneity.
Main Results:
- Chemerin levels were significantly higher in GDM cases compared to normoglycemic controls (SMD = 0.97, 95% CI [0.16; 1.78] ng/mL, p = 0.020).
- Subgroup analyses indicated higher chemerin in Asian studies, case-control designs, and younger patients (<30 years) with BMI < 28.
- Meta-regression showed a negative association with chemerin levels only in patients over 30 years old.
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis confirms elevated chemerin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
- These findings suggest chemerin's potential involvement in the pathogenesis of GDM.
- Further longitudinal studies are recommended to solidify these conclusions.
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