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Updated: Sep 13, 2025
A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
Published on: October 20, 2016
Brain and CSF Alzheimer's Biomarkers Are Associated with SERPINE1 Gene Expression
Cynthia Picard1,2, Henrik Zetterberg3,4,5,6,7,8,9, Kaj Blennow3,4
1Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada.
Background:
SERPINE1, also known as plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), has been proposed as a potential blood biomarker for the early detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Expanding on previous studies, this research contrasted SERPINE1 levels in CSF and brain tissue of AD patients and those at risk for AD with established AD biomarkers.
Methods:
Utilizing OLINK and immunoassay methods, CSF SERPINE1 protein levels were quantified across two separate cohorts: PREVENT-AD and ADNI. Microarray and RNAseq were used to measure tissue SERPINE1 mRNA levels in two separate cohorts: the Douglas-Bell Canada Brain Bank and the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank.
Results:
At the pre-clinical stage, elevated CSF levels of pTau, tTau and synaptic markers, alongside reduced hippocampal volume, correlate with CSF SERPINE1 levels. Elevated cortical SERPINE1 mRNA levels in autopsy-confirmed AD show weak correlation with regional plaques and tangles densities, but strong correlation with Braak staging.
Conclusions:
CSF SERPINE1 levels can be used as an early biomarker for the detection of pathological changes associated with AD. Higher SERPINE1 levels correlate more strongly with tau pathology than with amyloid formation or deposition.
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