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Published on: July 11, 2025
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Association Between Oral Dysbiosis and Depression: A Systematic Review
Paula García-Rios1, Miguel R Pecci-Lloret1, María Pilar Pecci-Lloret1
1Gerodontologý an Special Care Dentistry Unit, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 29, 2025
Summary
Research indicates a link between oral dysbiosis and depression. Alterations in oral microbiota may serve as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for depression, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Psychiatry
- Oral Health
Background:
- Depression is a widespread mental disorder affecting mood and functioning.
- Oral dysbiosis, an imbalance in oral microbiota, is being explored for its potential role in depression.
- Understanding this link could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize existing research on how oral dysbiosis influences depression onset.
- To highlight the importance of managing oral microbiota for depression prevention.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Cochrane Library for studies within the last 10 years.
- Assessed study quality using NOS, JBI checklist, and SYRCLE's Risk of Bias Tool.
Main Results:
- Eleven studies revealed altered oral microbiota in depression patients, affecting composition, structure, and diversity.
- Reduced alpha diversity and increased beta diversity were observed, potentially linked to inflammation.
- Some conflicting results noted, possibly due to methodological variations.
Conclusions:
- The oral microbiome shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for depression.
- A significant association exists between oral microbiome dysbiosis and depression.
- Methodological heterogeneity necessitates further research to confirm the relationship.
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