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Area of Science:

  • Trauma care systems
  • Public health surveillance
  • Medical quality improvement

Background:

  • The preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) is a critical metric for evaluating trauma system effectiveness.
  • This study represents the fourth follow-up analysis since trauma centers were established in South Korea.
  • Consistent methodologies were employed to ensure reliable trend assessment and performance evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate trends in the preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) in South Korea.
  • To assess the mid-term performance of the national trauma system.
  • To identify areas for improvement in trauma care delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 8,490 trauma deaths in 2021, with 1,688 patients from 265 institutions included.
  • Multidisciplinary panel review to determine mortality preventability.
  • Comparison of 2021 PTDR data with previous study findings.

Main Results:

  • The overall PTDR in 2021 was 13.9% (definitive: 2.9%, potentially: 12.7%).
  • No statistically significant reduction in PTDR was observed compared to the 2019 rate of 15.7%.
  • Significant differences noted between preventable and non-preventable death groups regarding patient demographics, care timing, and hospital factors.

Conclusions:

  • The 2021 PTDR of 13.9% indicates a slight decrease but highlights ongoing challenges in South Korea's trauma system.
  • Findings underscore the need to address systemic limitations to further reduce preventable trauma deaths.
  • The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on trauma care warrants further investigation.