Modulation of Blood Lead Level and Liver Function Tests in Iranian Opium Users

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Environmental Health
• Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

• Opium use is a public health concern linked to potential lead poisoning.
• Understanding the toxicological impact of opium on BLLs, biochemistry, and liver function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare blood lead levels (BLLs) in opium users versus healthy controls.
• To evaluate differences in blood biochemistry and liver function tests between these groups.

Main Methods:

• 100 participants (opium users and controls) were recruited.
• Blood and urine samples analyzed for drugs and BLLs using atomic absorption spectroscopy.
• Biochemical parameters and liver function tests were assessed.

Main Results:

• Opium users had significantly higher BLLs (18.8 g/dL) than controls (7.1 g/dL).
• A correlation was found between opium consumption route and BLLs (P=0.037).
• Opium users showed elevated liver enzymes (AST, GGT, LDH, ALT, ALP, bilirubin) and altered blood counts (WBC, hematocrit) (P<0.001).

Conclusions:

• Opium users present with elevated BLLs compared to controls.
• Opium consumption significantly impacts biochemical parameters and liver enzymes, indicating potential organ damage.