Microbial Profiles and Antibiotic Resistance in Chronic Otorrhea: An Evaluation of Operated and Non-operated Patients

This study aims to compare the microbial profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns in chronic otorrhea patients with and without surgical intervention, identifying key differences to guide personalized and evidence-based treatment strategies. A retrospective analysis of 120 patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media and otorrhea was conducted. Patients were divided into operated (n = 60) and non-operated (n = 60) groups. Microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using standard microbiological methods. Statistical analyses assessed differences in microbial prevalence and resistance patterns between groups. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common microorganism in both groups but was significantly more prevalent in the non-operated group (77.8% vs. 53.33%, p < 0.05). Escherichia coli was significantly higher in the operated group (17.78% vs. 3.7%, p < 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus showed no significant difference in prevalence but exhibited resistance exclusively in the operated group. Antibiotic resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanate was high for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in both groups, with no significant differences. Escherichia coli displayed significantly higher resistance to Ampicillin-Sulbactam in the operated group (75.0% vs. 0%, p < 0.05). Operated and non-operated groups showed distinct microbial profiles and resistance patterns. Surgical interventions influence resistance development, particularly in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings underscore the importance of routine susceptibility testing to guide effective, individualized treatment and address multidrug-resistant pathogens.