Extraskeletal Ewing's Sarcoma in a Female: A Rare Case Presentation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Ewing Sarcoma is an undifferentiated blue small round cell tumor originating in bone but also occurring in soft tissues (extraosseous type).
• While common in limbs and the thorax, Ewing Sarcoma is less frequently reported in the head and neck region, typically affecting individuals aged 5–25.
• Sparse literature exists on head and neck Ewing Sarcoma, making early diagnosis challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document an unusual case of Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma in the head and neck region.
• To emphasize the importance of considering soft tissue tumors in the differential diagnosis of head and neck swellings.
• To contribute to the limited case reports of head and neck Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 33-year-old female presenting with a 6-month history of right facial swelling.
• Diagnostic evaluation including clinical presentation and pathological diagnosis.

Main Results:

• The patient was diagnosed with Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma.
• The lesion's presentation mimicked Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).

Conclusions:

• Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma can present atypically in the head and neck.
• Clinicians, including otolaryngologists, should include soft tissue tumors like Ewing Sarcoma in their differential diagnosis for head and neck swellings.
• Documentation of rare cases is crucial for improving diagnostic awareness and patient outcomes.